asperity

详细解释:n. 粗暴, 严酷, 粗糙
相关词组:
to speak with asperity

词型变化：

名词复数:asperities

英语解释：

名词 asperity:

something hard to endure同义词：grimness, hardship, rigor, rigour, severity, severeness, rigorousness, rigourousness